PHY2022 |
Quantum Mechanics I |
2013-14 |
|
Dr A. Usher |
|
|
Delivery Weeks: |
T1:01-11 |
|
Level: |
5 (NQF) |
|
Credits: |
15 NICATS / 7.5 ECTS |
|
Enrolment: |
76 students (approx) |
|
Description
This module introduces the mathematical expression of the basic principles of quantum mechanics and methods for
finding solutions of problems that permit straightforward mathematical analysis.
These solutions demonstrate many of the general features of
the subject and will be applied in subsequent modules in the Physics programme.
Module Aims
Quantum Mechanics is one of the fundamental building-blocks of Physics. It affects profoundly the
way we think about the universe and is the basis for much of condensed-matter, nuclear and
statistical physics. It also has a strong influence on technological developments, for instance in
optical and electronic devices. This module aims to give students a firm grounding in the subject and
to prepare them for future modules such as PHY3052
Nuclear and High-Energy Particle Physics.
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
A student who has passed this module should be able to:
-
Module Specific Skills and Knowledge:
- describe the definition and interpretation of the wavefunction and of operators in quantum
mechanics;
- discuss the origin of energy quantisation and quantum tunnelling effects;
- describe the general properties of the stationary states of quantum particles confined to
simple symmetric potentials;
- perform calculations on wavefunctions, and solve the Schrödinger
equation for a range of problems;
- use time-independent perturbation theory to solve problems and interpret results;
- explain the origin of the un-coupled set of quantum numbers for the hydrogen
atom and the form of the associated eigenfunctions;
-
Discipline Specific Skills and Knowledge:
- use the principles of quantum mechanics to solve problems;
- explain quantum mechanics to a lay-person in an informed manner;
-
Personal and Key Transferable / Employment Skills and Knowledge:
- construct arguments that explain observations;
- solve problems by using mathematics;
- use a range of resources to develop an understanding of topics through independent study.
- meet deadlines for completion of work for problems classes and develop appropriate
time-management strategies.
Syllabus Plan
-
Introduction
Brief historical survey; recap of PHY1022;
what is required of the theory; the wave equation; time-dependent Schrödinger equation
-
Wave Functions and their Interpretation
The Born probability interpretation; normalization of the wave function; first postulate;
wave function of a free particle; wave function of a confined particle;
Gaussian wave packets (Self-study pack): the uncertainty principle; time evolution of wave packets
-
Dynamical Variables
Observables as operators; the second postulate; the third postulate;
physical significance of eigenfunctions;
Schrödinger equation revisited
-
Stationary States and the Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation
Time-independent probability distributions; the time-independent Schrödinger equation;
stationary states: eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian;
example: region of constant potential; method of solution ; boundary conditions
-
Particle in a Box - the Infinite Square Well
Internal solution; boundary conditions; energy quantization; normalized wave functions
-
The Finite Square Potential Well (Self-study pack)
Interior and exterior solutions; boundary conditions; symmetric solutions - energies and wave functions;
antisymmetric solutions - energies and wave functions
-
Flow of Particles
Probability flux; continuity equation; persistence of normalization; derivation of probability flux
-
Barrier Problems
Boundary conditions at a potential discontinuity; a potential step;
tunnelling: reflection and transmission by a barrier;
practical examples of tunnelling
-
Quantum Measurement and the Structure of Quantum Mechanics
Properties of Hermitian operators; the superposition principle: fourth postulate;
measurements of a general quantum state; commutation relations and simultaneous observables;
the uncertainty principle; commutation with the Hamiltonian;
summary: the postulates of quantum mechanics
-
The Quantum Harmonic Oscillator
Hamiltonian in operator form; ladder operators; eigenvalues and eigenfunctions
-
The 3D Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation
Momentum eigenfunctions in 3D;
Schrödinger equation in 3D Cartesian coordinates (Self-study pack);
example: particle in a 3D box;
Schrödinger equation in spherical polar coordinates
-
Angular Momentum
Cartesian representation of angular momentum operators; commutation relations;
polar representation of angular momentum operators; eigenfunctions and eigenvalues;
example: Rotational energy levels of a diatomic molecule
-
The Hydrogen Atom
Solutions of the angular equation; solutions of the radial equation;
energy eigenvalues - the hydrogen spectrum; electron density distributions
-
First-Order Time-Independent Perturbation Theory
Perturbation theory for non-degenerate levels; perturbation theory for degenerate levels
Learning and Teaching
Learning Activities and Teaching Methods
Description |
Study time |
KIS type |
22×1-hour lectures |
22 hours
|
SLT |
5×6-hour self-study packages |
30 hours
|
GIS |
8×2-hour problems sets |
16 hours
|
GIS |
Problems class support |
8 hours
|
SLT |
Tutorial support |
3 hours
|
SLT |
Reading, private study and revision |
71 hours
|
GIS |
Assessment
Weight |
Form |
Size |
When |
ILOS assessed |
Feedback |
0% |
Exercises set by tutor |
3×1-hour sets (typical) |
Scheduled by tutor |
1-12 |
Discussion in tutorials
|
0% |
Guided self-study |
5×6-hour packages |
Fortnightly |
1-12 |
Discussion in tutorials
|
10% |
8 × Problems sets |
2 hours per set |
Weekly |
1-12 |
Marked in problems class, then discussed in tutorials
|
15% |
Mid-term test |
30 minutes |
Weeks T1:06 |
1-11 |
Marked, then discussed in tutorials
|
75% |
Examination |
120 minutes |
January |
1-11 |
Mark via MyExeter, collective feedback via ELE and solutions. |
Resources
The following list is offered as an indication of the type & level of information that
students are expected to consult. Further guidance will be provided by the Module Instructor(s).
Core text:
Supplementary texts:
ELE:
Further Information
Prior Knowledge Requirements
Pre-requisite Modules |
Mathematics for Physicists (PHY1026) |
Co-requisite Modules |
none |
Re-assessment
Re-assessment is not available except when required by referral or deferral.
Original form of assessment |
Form of re-assessment |
ILOs re-assessed |
Time scale for re-assessment |
Whole module |
Written examination (100%) |
1-11 |
August/September assessment period |
Notes: See Physics Assessment Conventions.
KIS Data Summary
Learning activities and teaching methods |
SLT - scheduled learning & teaching activities |
33 hrs |
GIS - guided independent study |
117 hrs |
PLS - placement/study abroad |
0 hrs |
Total |
150 hrs |
|
|
Summative assessment |
Coursework |
10% |
Written exams |
90% |
Practical exams |
0% |
Total |
100% |
|
Miscellaneous
IoP Accreditation Checklist |
- QM-05 Wave function and its interpretation
- QM-06 Standard solutions and quantum numbers to the level of the hydrogen atom
- QM-07 Tunnelling
- QM-08 First order time independent perturbation theory
|
Availability |
unrestricted |
Distance learning |
NO |
Keywords |
Physics; Energy; Eigenvalues; Eigenstates; Hydrogen Atom; Observables; Particles; Perturbation theory; Quantum mechanics; Schrödinger equation; Time; Waves. |
Created |
01-Oct-10 |
Revised |
01-Oct-11 |